Enhancing extracellular vesicles for therapeutic treatment of arthritic joints

Extracellular vesicles are small membrane-derived packages of information that released from virtually all cell types. These nano-packages contain regulatory material including proteins, lipids, mRNA and microRNA a key mechanism paracellular communication within given microenvironment. Encompassed with lipid bilayer, these organelles have been attributed numerous roles in regulating both physiological pathological functions. Herein, we describe the role EVs context Rheumatoid Osteoarthritis explore how they could be harnessed to treat inflammatory degenerative joint conditions. structures offer promising therapeutic strategy for treating musculoskeletal diseases due their bioactive content, stability, size intrinsic ability enter avascular cartilage, notoriously challenging tissue target. We also discuss can manipulated load cargo or present additional targeting moieties enhance beneficial actions regenerative properties.